The Unseen Cost of Tourism

By Basit Rasool Thokero 

Jammu and Kashmir has been a melting pot of diverse cultures, traditions, and religions, which have collectively shaped its unique identity. The warmth and welcoming nature of the Kashmiri people have played a pivotal role in establishing the region as a global tourist destination. Tourism, in turn, has become the backbone of the local economy, providing livelihoods to a significant portion of the population, either directly or indirectly. However, while tourism has been a boon for economic development, it has also brought with it challenges that threaten to erode the very cultural fabric that makes Jammu and Kashmir so special.

 The Economic Significance of Tourism in Jammu and Kashmir

Tourism is one of the most significant contributors to the economy of Jammu and Kashmir. The sector generates an annual turnover of over 8000 crore rupees, providing employment opportunities to thousands of families. In a region where unemployment rates are high, tourism has emerged as a vital alternative to government jobs, especially for the educated youth. The industry supports a wide range of businesses, including hotels, houseboats, handicrafts, transportation, and local markets. During the winter months, destinations like Gulmarg and Pahalgam attract tourists from across the globe for activities such as skiing, snowboarding, and sightseeing. Similarly, the summer months see an influx of visitors to the serene Dal Lake, Mughal Gardens, and the holy shrines of Amarnath and Vaishno Devi.The hospitality of the Kashmiri people is a cornerstone of the tourism industry. Visitors often praise the region for its warm and welcoming atmosphere, which is deeply rooted in the cultural values of the local population. This hospitality has not only enhanced the reputation of Jammu and Kashmir as a tourist destination but has also fostered a sense of pride among its inhabitants.

The Erosion of Cultural Heritage

Despite the economic benefits, the rapid growth of tourism has had unintended consequences on the cultural heritage of Jammu and Kashmir. Over the years, there has been a noticeable decline in the preservation of local traditions, customs, and values. This erosion is particularly evident in the way certain events and activities have been conducted, often disregarding the religious and cultural sensitivities of the region.

One such incident that sparked widespread outrage was a fashion show held in Gulmarg during the holy month of Ramadan. The event, which featured models dressed inappropriately, was seen as a blatant disregard for the religious sentiments of the predominantly Muslim population. What made the incident even more controversial was the revelation that the hotel hosting the event was owned by a relative of a prominent political figure. This raised questions about the role of the government in safeguarding the cultural and religious values of the region. Instead of promoting Kashmiri culture on a global platform, such events have only served to undermine it. Another incident that drew criticism was a viral video from the vicinity of the revered Hazratbal Shrine. The video showed a group of girls and boys dancing near the shrine, despite strict prohibitions on photography and inappropriate behavior in the area. This incident highlighted a double standard in the enforcement of rules, where locals are held to strict standards of decency, while tourists often appear to be exempt from such scrutiny. Such actions not only disrespect the sanctity of religious sites but also alienate the local population, who feel that their cultural heritage is being compromised for the sake of tourism.

The Role of Tourists 

The behavior of tourists has also been a cause for concern. Instances of public consumption of alcohol and other activities that contravene local norms have become increasingly common. While such behavior may be acceptable in other parts of the world, it stands in stark contrast to the cultural and moral values of Jammu and Kashmir. The lack of administrative action against such violations further exacerbates the problem, sending a message that the rules of decency and morality do not apply equally to everyone.This cultural dilution is not just a matter of social concern but also a threat to the identity of the region. Jammu and Kashmir has a rich history that spans thousands of years, with influences from Buddhism, Hinduism, and Islam. The region’s art, music, cuisine, and festivals are a testament to its diverse heritage. However, the unchecked influence of tourism risks overshadowing these traditions, replacing them with a homogenized culture that lacks depth and authenticity.

The Need for Government Intervention

To address these challenges, it is imperative for the government to take proactive measures to protect the cultural heritage of Jammu and Kashmir. This includes the implementation of strict rules and regulations that uphold the moral and ethical standards of the region. Tourists should be made aware of local customs and traditions, and any violation of these norms should be met with appropriate consequences. The government must also ensure that such rules are enforced uniformly, without any bias or favoritism.In addition to regulatory measures, the government should focus on promoting Kashmiri culture on a global scale. This can be achieved through cultural festivals, exhibitions, and collaborations with international organizations. By showcasing the rich heritage of the region, the government can attract tourists who are genuinely interested in experiencing the authentic culture of Jammu and Kashmir, rather than those who seek to exploit it.

The Role of the Local Community

While government intervention is crucial, the responsibility of preserving cultural heritage also lies with the local community. The people of Jammu and Kashmir must take pride in their traditions and actively work to safeguard them. This includes educating tourists about local customs and ensuring that their activities remain within reasonable limits. Community-led initiatives, such as cultural workshops and heritage tours, can play a significant role in promoting awareness and appreciation for Kashmiri culture.Moreover, the local population should hold the government accountable for any lapses in the enforcement of rules. By voicing their concerns and demanding action, they can ensure that their cultural heritage is not sacrificed for short-term economic gains.

Striking a Balance Between Tourism and Cultural Preservation

The tourism industry has undoubtedly been a driving force behind the economic development of Jammu and Kashmir. However, it is essential to recognize that this progress should not come at the cost of compromising the region’s cultural heritage. The unique identity of Jammu and Kashmir is rooted in its traditions, values, and history, and it is the collective responsibility of the government, the local community, and tourists to preserve this legacy.

As the region moves forward, it is crucial to strike a balance between promoting tourism and safeguarding cultural heritage. By implementing strict regulations, promoting authentic cultural experiences, and fostering a sense of pride among the local population, Jammu and Kashmir can continue to thrive as a tourist destination while preserving the rich heritage that makes it truly unique. The time to act is now, before the erosion of culture and tradition becomes irreversible. Only by working together can we ensure that the future of Jammu and Kashmir remains as vibrant and diverse as its past.

Views expressed in the article are the author’s own and do not necessarily represent the editorial stance of Kashmir Observer 

• The writer is the student of Ba.LLB at the University of Kashmir and can be reached at Basitrasool765@gmail.com

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