From next-gen mobile frequency bands to practical use cases and actual telecom progress – here’s 5G briefly explained
5G Technology – State of the Art and Main Practical Uses
As the coronavirus pandemic revealed, we are more than ever dependent on internet communication means for work and pleasure. In such a context, the 5th generation wireless systems are being prepared for deployment all over the world, effectively ushering a new digital era in our urban and rural connectivity, industry and communication.
Media publications have become more frequent, explaining in detail what 5G actually is, how its frequency spectrum works and, most importantly, is India prepared for this technological revolution. Currently, the Department of Telecommunications (DoT) is collaborating with the biggest telecom companies and important industry experts in establishing a framework for the development and use of radio frequency spectrum over the next decade.
Effectively adopting 5G band standards and regulating infrastructure use will allow the Indian mobile operators to launch the network and quickly reach even remote desi communities, changing the way we work, consume and stay in touch. Indians will be able to access virtual education, tele-medicine and even play Andar Bahar on the go with higher speeds and much better reliability. Gambling sites such as 10Cric offers a flawless experience while you play for real money.
Industry reports show the main practical benefits of 5G adoption to a more integrated Bharat economy and better connected society. Almost all major sectors are expected to get a boost by 5G rollout in India: from agriculture to factories of the future; from smart homes and cities to innovative entertainment, lifestyle and gaming platforms. Many of these services and digital business models already exist or are in their early adoption phases. National 5G coverage will simply accelerate the tech transition and will empower the potential of long-term evolution (LTE) mobile broadband networks.
5G Frequency Bands: Scope, Speed and Purpose
5G LTE networks are accessed through three main radio frequency ranges. One of the global telecom giants, Nokia, has set up an official blog site dedicated to publications exploring the real-world implications of such emerging technologies. It explains in detail how 5G frequency spectrum and speed are directly proportional, yet coverage improves in the lower range.
Low-frequency bands (below 1 GHz) are limited up to 100 Mbps in data transfer speeds but that is more than sufficient for citizen mobile use and everyday communication needs. Moreover, these ranges are able to travel far and cover large areas, making them suitable for rural and remote accessibility needs.
Industry requires access to at least the mid-band 5G spectrum (up to 6 GHz). This raises internet speeds and, despite limitations to area coverage and signal penetration, it is probably the optimal solution for production facilities, closed networks and household needs.
The highest 5G bands are called the “millimetre wave spectrum”. They exceed 24 GHz – going up to 66 GHz – and allow users to experience lightning speed (as high as 20 Gbps) despite further limitations to coverage and material penetration. Dense urban settings and high-computing cases will require the top-range 5G radio wavelength, with mobile towers getting more dense and powerful.
Ultimately, governments and technology providers will have to work together towards what is called frequency band “refarming”. Carriers need to repurpose existing wavelengths, currently dedicated to 3G and 4G usage. In fact, many countries are already preparing to abandon 3G completely, starting next year, in order to be able to free its frequencies for 5G use.
India’s 5G Mobile Broadband Readiness
Many global telecom companies have been building their 5G networks actively for the past couple of years. In Europe, the United States, Kore and China, commercial 5G rollout is at different stages but advancing fast. Samsung, Huawei and Nokia are merely some of the tech giants offering network solutions and 5G infrastructure to national mobile carriers.
India has been planning to capitalise early on high 5G speeds and technology applications, yet its roadmap to frequency spectrum allocation is not completely clear. Moreover, only Reliance Jio Infocomm looks ready to deploy its proprietary complete end-to-end 5G network. Scheduled for later this year, it will provide the breakthrough needed by many other industry operators. In fact, mobile network providers will be able to exploit its resources as a managed service, bringing 5G services to the majority of desi consumers in a short period of time.
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